Climate Change & Tropospheric Temperature Trends

Spencer, R.W. and J.R. Christy. 1990. Precision monitoring of global temperature trends from satellites. Science, 247, 1558-1562.

Spencer, R.W. and J.R. Christy. 1992a. Precision and radiosonde validation of satellite gridpoint temperature anomalies. Part I: MSU Channel 2. J. Clim., 5, 847-857.

Spencer, R.W. and J.R. Christy. 1992b. Precision and radiosonde validation of satellite gridpoint temperature anomalies. Part II: A tropospheric retrieval and trends during 1979-90. J. Clim., 5, 858-866.

Spencer, R. W., and J. R. Christy. 1993. Precision lower stratospheric temperature monitoring with the MSU technique: Validation and results, 1979–1991. J. Climate, 6, 1194–1204.

Stendel, M., Christy, J.R. and Bengtsson, L. 2000. Assessing levels of uncertainty in recent temperature time series. Clim. Dyn., 16, 1405-1423.

Sterin, A.M., 1999. An analysis of linear trends in the free atmosphere temperature series for 1958-1997. Meteorologiai Gidrologia, 5, 52-68.

Sterin, A.M., 2000. Variations of upper-air temperature in 1998-1999 and their effect on long period trends. Proc. 24th Annual Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshop. NOAA. pp. 222-225.

Sterin, A.M., 2001. Tropospheric and Lower Stratospheric Temperature Anomalies Based on Global Radiosonde Network Data . In Trends Online: A Compendium of Data on Global Change. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.

Stott, P.A., Tett, S.F.B., Jones, G.S., Allen, M.R., Mitchell, J.F.B., and Jenkins, G.J. 2000. External control of 20th century temperature by natural and anthropogenic forcings. Science, 290 (5499): 2133-2137.

Sun, S., and J.E. Hansen. 2003. Climate Simulations for 1951-2050 with a Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean Model. J. Climate, 16, 2807-2826.

Tett, S. 2004. Personal communication, Dec. 21, 2004.

Tett, S.,F. B., G.S. Jones, P.A. Stott, D.C. Hill, J.F.B. Mitchell, M.R. Allen, W.J. Ingram, T.C. Johns, C.E. Johnson, A. Jones, D.L. Roberts, D.M.H. Sexton, and M.J. Woodage. 2002. Estimation of natural and anthropogenic contributions to twentieth century temperature change. J. Geophys. Res., 107 (D16), 10.1029/2000JD000028.

Tett, S., and P. Thorne. 2004. Tropospheric temperature series from satellites. Arising from: Q. Fu et al., Nature 429, 55–58 (2004). Nature, 432, doi:10.1038/nature03208. Brief Communications. December 2, 2004. Abstract available at www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nature/journal/v432/n7017/abs/nature03208_fs.html. Accessed on Dec. 27, 2004. Subscription required for access to the full article.

Thompson, J., and S. Solomon, Interpretation of Recent Southern Hemisphere Climate Change. Science, 296, 895–899.

Timmerman, A., J. Oberhuber, A. Bacher, M. Esch, M. Latif and E. Roeckner, 1999. Increased El Nino frequency in a climate model forced by future greenhouse warming. Nature, 398, 694-696.

Trenberth, K.E. 1984. Signal vs. noise in the Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 326-332.

Trenberth, K.E. and J. M. Caron. 2001. Estimates of meridional atmosphere and ocean heat transports. J. Climate, 14, 3433–3443.

Trenberth, K.E., J. M. Caron, and D. P. Stepaniak, 2001: The atmospheric energy budget and implications for surface fluxes and ocean heat transports. Climate Dyn., 17, 259–276.

Trenberth, K.E. and D.P. Stepaniak. 2003a. Covariability of components of poleward atmospheric energy transports on seasonal and interannual timescales. J. Clim., 16, 3691-3705.

Trenberth, K.E. and D.P. Stepaniak. 2003b. Seamless poleward atmospheric energy transports and implications for the Hadley circulation. J. Clim., 16, 3706-3722.

Trenberth, K.E. 2004. Personal communication, Jan. 2004.

Tziperman, E. 2000. Uncertainties in thermohaline circulation response to greenhouse warming. Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 3077–3080.

Uppala, S. 2003. In Proc.Workshop Reanalysis 5–9 November 2001, 1–10 (European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasting, Reading).

Vaughan, G.J. Marshal, W.M. Connolley, J.C. King and D.P. R. Mulvaney. 2001. Climate Change: Devil in the Detail. Science, 293, 1777-1779.

Vinnikov, K.Y, A. Robock, D.J. Cavalieri, C.L. Parkinson. 2002a. Analysis of seasonal cycles in climatic trends with application to satellite observations of sea ice extent. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29 (9) doi: 10.1029/2001GL014481.